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The oldest manuscript of a Passover Haggadah dates from the tenth or
eleventh century. In the early twentieth century it was found in the Cairo Geniza, a repository containing centuries of Jewish
liturgical texts and other documents. This Haggadah is in the possession of the Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the
University of Pennsylvania. It reflects the tradition of the land of Israel and differs in many ways from the Haggadot of
the Geonim, leaders of the Jewish community in Babylonia. For example, this Haggadah includes different questions and lacks
the complete midrashic elaboration on “My father was a wandering Aramean.” To see the Haggadah's "Three
Questions" (about why we dip twice, eat matzah, and eat only roased meat) go to page 4 (i). View the oldest Haggadah
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